新书云仓计算机科学引论介绍计算机与信息技术的常见概念和术语、主要应用 pdf下载

内容简介

本书概括地介绍了计算机与信息技术的常见概念和术语、主要应用领域及其对社会的影响。本书由9章组成，主要内容包括：信息技术和因特网概述，因特网、万维网与电子商务，应用软件，系统软件，硬件系统部件，输入输出设备，二级存储，通信与网络，隐私、安全与伦理等。

目录

1 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, THE INTERNET, AND YOU □
Introduction 4
Information Systems 4
People 6
Software 7
System Software 7
Application Software 8
Making IT work for you: Free Antivirus Program 9
Hardware 10
Types of Computers 10
Cell Phones 11
Personal Computer Hardware 11
Data 13
Connectivity and the Mobile Internet 14
Careers in IT 15
A Look to the Future: Using and Understanding Information Technology 16
Visual Summary 17
Key Terms □0
Multiple Choice □1
Matching □□
Open-Ended □□
Discussion □3
□ THE INTERNET, THE WEB, AND ELECTRONIC COMMERCE □4
Introduction □6
The Internet and the Web □6
Making IT work for you: Online Entertainment □8
Internet Access 30
Providers 30
Browsers 30
Web Utilities 3□
Filters 3□
File Transfer Utilities 3□
Internet Security Suites 33
Communication 34
Social Networking 34
Blogs, Microblogs, Podcasts, and Wikis 35
Messaging 36
E-mail 37
Search Tools 39
Search Engines 39
Content Evaluation 39
Electronic Commerce 40
Security 41
Cloud Computing 4□
The Internet of Things 43
Careers in IT 44
A Look to the Future: Home Smart Home 45
Visual Summary 46
Key Terms 50
Multiple Choice 51
Matching 5□
Open-Ended 5□
Discussion 53
3 APPLICATION SOFTWARE 54
Introduction 56
Application Software 56
User Interface 56
Common Features 58
General-Pur□□□e Applications 58
Word Processors 58
Spreadsheets 61
Presentation Software 63
Database Management Systems 64
Specialized Applications 65
Graphics Programs 65
Video Game Design Software 66
Web Authoring Programs 67
Other Specialized Applications 68
Mobile Apps 68
Apps 68
App Stores 69
Software Suites 70
Office Suites 70
Cloud Computing 70
Specialized and Utility Suites 70
Careers in IT 71
Making IT work for you: Cloud Office Suites 7□
A Look to the Future: VR and AR Applications in the Work□□□ce 74
Visual Summary 75
Key Terms 78
Multiple Choice 79
Matching 80
Open-Ended 80
Discussion 81
4 SYSTEM SOFTWARE 8□
Introduction 84
System Software 84
Operating Systems 85
Functions 85
Features 86
Categories 87
Mobile Operating Systems 88
Desktop Operating Systems 89
Windows 89
macOS 89
UNIX and Linux 90
Virtualization 90
Utilities 91
Making IT work for you: Virtual Assistant 9□
Operating System Utilities 94
Utility Suites 97
Careers in IT 97
A Look to the Future: Making Better Computer□ □y Making Them More Human 98
Visual Summary 99
Key Terms 10□
Multiple Choice 103
Matching 104
Open-Ended 104
Discussion 105
5 THE SYSTEM UNIT 106
Introduction 108
System Unit 108
Smartphones 108
Tablets 108
Laptops 109
Desktops 109
Making IT work for you: Gaming 110
Wearable Computers 11□
Components 11□
System Board 113
Microprocessor 114
Microprocessor Chips 115
Specialty Processors 115
Memory 116
RAM 116
ROM 116
Flash Memory 116
Expansion Cards and Slots 117
Bus Lines 118
Expansion Buses 118
Ports 119
Standard Ports 119
Specialized Ports 119
Cables 1□0
Power Supply 1□0
Electronic Data and Instructions 1□1
Numeric Representation 1□1
Character Encoding 1□□
Careers in IT 1□3
A Look to the Future: Brain–Computer Interfaces 1□4
Visual Summary 1□5
Key Terms 1□8
Multiple Choice 1□9
Matching 130
Open-Ended 130
Discussion 131
6 INPUT AND OUTPUT 13□
Introduction 134
What Is Input? 134
Keyboard Entry 134
Keyboards 135
Pointing Devices 136
Touch Screen 136
Mouse 136
Game Controllers 136
Scanning Devices 137
Optical Scanners 137
Card Readers 138
Bar Code Readers 138
RFID Readers 138
Character and Mark Recognition Devices 139
Image Capturing Devices 139
Digital Cameras 139
Webcams 140
Audio-Input Devices 140
Voice Recognition Systems 140
What Is Output? 141
Monitors 141
Features 141
Flat-Panel Monitors 14□
E-book Readers 14□
Other Monitors 143
Printers 144
Features 144
Inkjet Printers 145
Laser Printers 145
3D Printers 145
Other Printers 145
Audio-Output Devices 146
Combination Input and Output Devices 146
Headsets 146
Multifunctional Devices 147
Virtual Reality Head-Mounted Dis□□□ys and Controllers 147
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